Bio 1.1.1 - Summarize the structure and function of organelles in eukaryotic cells (including the nucleus, plasma membrane, cell wall, mitochondria, vacuoles, chloroplasts, and ribosomes) and ways that these organelles interact with each other to perform the function of the cell.
![Picture](/uploads/2/8/1/7/28177325/7016379.jpg?556)
This is a comparison of a plant cell to an animal cell. Below is examples of the functions of each organelle.
![Picture](/uploads/2/8/1/7/28177325/9174010.jpeg?202)
Cell Wall:
- Only in plant cells, bacteria and some algae and fungi.
- Acts like a barrier to protect the cell contents
- Used for structural support in the plant and gives shape
- Outside of the cell membrane
- Made of cellulose
![Picture](/uploads/2/8/1/7/28177325/7410300.gif?324)
Cell (Plasma) Membrane:
- Holds everything inside the cell
- Regulates what enters and exits the cell
- Protective layer around the cell
- Made up of phospholipids
![Picture](/uploads/2/8/1/7/28177325/7684169.jpg?295)
Cytoplasm:
- Gel-like substance that organelles reside in
- Used as a pathway for different cell activities like protein synthesis (making of proteins)
![Picture](/uploads/2/8/1/7/28177325/4035420.gif?292)
Nucleus:
- Contains and sends out instructions for everything the cell does
- Contains hereditary and genetic information in the form of DNA and RNA
- Transports RNA to the ribosomes to create proteins
![Picture](/uploads/2/8/1/7/28177325/84651.jpg?281)
Chloroplast:
- Only in plant cells
- Used to convert light energy into food for the plant and carbon dioxide into oxygen through the process known as photosynthesis
![Picture](/uploads/2/8/1/7/28177325/733620.jpg?261)
Mitochondria:
- Acts like digestive system that breaks down substances like glucose to make energy known as Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)
- They create ATP through the process known as cellular respiration to power all of the different activities and processes that occur in the cell
- The inner folded membrane increases the surface area in the organelle which helps to produce more energy
![Picture](/uploads/2/8/1/7/28177325/4127629.jpg?261)
Vacuole:
- Storage of water, nutrients and harmful materials such as waste
- Much larger in plant cells used for support of the stem and leaves
- Can take up half of the volume of a plant cell
- The vacuole assists the other organelles by providing storage of materials and containing waste
![Picture](/uploads/2/8/1/7/28177325/4503115.png?342)
Ribosomes:
- Site of protein synthesis (creation of proteins)
- Could be free standing like the one in the picture or attached to other organelles
- Gathers information from the nucleus to aid in synthesizing of proteins
Cell craft Lab
Cell Craft is a free online interactive game that leads you through an investigation of cell structure, function and energy use. So what are you waiting for?
Branden